- Python 3.7 support and the legacy Graph View are removed; database init/upgrade commands are deprecated in favor of `airflow db migrate` with explicit default connections creation.
- Security defaults are hardened: test‑connection UI/API is disabled by default, XCom deserialize flag is turned off, and SMTP now uses the standard SSL context (configurable to “none”).
- New features and improvements include OpenTelemetry, OpenLineage, provider‑based executor packages, a new Gantt tab, UI refinements (react‑flow datasets graph, keyboard shortcuts), and various performance optimizations.