- Core packages are now ESM‑only (Node 20.19+/22.12+ required); CommonJS apps keep working via require(esm) but may need to adjust bootstrapping, bundlers and test runners.
- Standard Schema support added for validation, serialization and config (e.g., @Body(), @Query() accept schemas, ConfigModule validationSchema now accepts any standard schema).
- CLI rebuilt: now ESM, uses Vitest for ESM projects, rspack as default bundler, oxlint replaces ESLint, and new commands (nest upgrade, nest deploy) added; several old workflows (webpack flags, angular schematic) deprecated or removed.